On Sunday Gavin spoke at Luton’s Holocaust Memorial Day
observance service, with the theme of keeping the memory alive. Today
marks 70 years since the liberation of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
Read his address from the service below.
This time last week I stood in a land of great lament. A land with a
rich oral history. I was in Israel. And, today, I am struck by the power
of choosing to tell the stories of our past – so they’re not forgotten
and so they can shape our future.
Today we gather to remember. Because the alternative is to forget.
And when confronted with such pain, to forget almost becomes
logical. To ignore can become rational. To deny, conversely, can become
plausible.
This is human nature. But that is why, today, we stand here, in this
room. Why we, here in this place, choose to remember, despite the pain
it confronts us with. The shocking truth we must face.
That man can do this unto man; that we – each of us – bear not only
the perceived imperfections that could lead us to find ourselves the
concentration camp inhabitant; and the corrupted and defaced human power
to be the concentration camp guard.
The theme of this year’s HMD commemorations is to keep the memory
alive. It asks us to stand still and experience the dissonance, the
confusion, and the reality of what we do to us; of what humanity is
capable of.
It is a time when we seek to learn the lessons of the past and to
recognise that genocide does not just take place on its own. That it’s a
steady process which can begin if discrimination, racism and hatred are
not checked and prevented. And in this time of hate; of easy answers
and of identifiable groups to blame; it asks us to remember.
There is nothing more powerful than telling the stories that shape
our today-history; our cultural conscience. Let this be our oral
history.
1941: HOLOCAUST (1)
Between 1941 and 1945, the Nazis attempted to annihilate all of
Europe’s Jews. It was systematic and planned. From the time they assumed
power in 1933, the Nazis used propaganda, persecution, and legislation
to deny human and civil rights.
They used centuries of anti-Semitism as their foundation. By the end
of the Holocaust, millions of Jewish men, women and children had
perished in ghettos, mass-shootings, in concentration camps and
extermination camps.
Nazi beliefs categorised people by race; their opposition to racial
mixing was part-justification for their hatred against Jews, Gypsies
(Romani), Slavic and Black, disabled and gay people who lived in
Germany.
1975: CAMBODIA (2)
The radical communist Khmer Rouge, under their leader Pol Pot, seized
power in Cambodia in 1975. The population was made to work as labourers
in one huge federation of collective farms. The inhabitants of towns
and cities were forced to leave. The ill, disabled, old and very young
were driven out, regardless of their physical condition. Children were
taken from their parents and placed in separate forced labour camps.
Lawyers, doctors, teachers, engineers, scientists and professional
people in any field were murdered, together with their extended
families.
Together with Kelvin Hopkins MP, Gavin attends Luton’s Holocaust Memorial Day commemorations
It was possible for people to be shot simply for knowing a foreign
language, wearing glasses, laughing, or crying. Civilian deaths in this
period, from execution, disease, exhaustion and starvation, have been
estimated at well over two million.
1994: RWANDA (3)
In 100 days in 1994 approximately one million Tutsis and moderate
Hutus were murdered in the genocide in Rwanda. The genocide took place
following decades of tensions between Hutus and Tutsis, and a recent
history of persecution and discrimination against Tutsis. Extremist Hutu
leaders accused Tutsis of killing the President, and Hutu civilians
were told by radio and word of mouth that it was their duty to wipe out
the Tutsis.
This genocide was carried out almost entirely by hand, usually using
machetes and clubs. Frequently the killers were people they knew –
neighbours, workmates, former friends, sometimes even relatives through
marriage.
Each of these stories is shocking. But perhaps more so is what is
going on today. Remembering forces us to engage the shocking part with
the urgent now. For genocide is a fact of our world, and not just
history
GENOCIDE TODAY (4)
IRAQ
In Iraq, today, IS fighters, who have already driven out Christians
from their ancestral homes in northern Iraq been especially targeting
the Yazidis. The Yazidis are the latest victims of the brutal advance by
the Islamic State, formerly the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, or
ISIS, whose Sunni Muslim fighters have been targeting Iraq’s Christians
and other minority groups, as well as Shiite Muslims.
ISIS captured the Yazidi towns of Sinjar and Zumar, killing nearly
2,000 and forcing 200,000 to flee into the nearby mountains without food
and water. Other atrocities include beheadings, rapes, and being sold
into slavery.
MYANMAR
The Rohingya are a Muslim ethnic minority of one million people that
has lived in Rakhine state for centuries, but they face systematic
religious and ethnic discrimination there. The Rohingya are not a
recognized ethnic minority and are, therefore, robbed of the rights
inherent in citizenship.
During 2012, violence increased against Rohingya and other Muslims in
the Rakhine State, and the Pullitzer Center on Crisis Reporting said
the Rohingyas have become one of the most oppressed ethnic groups in the
world.
NIGERIA
Boko Haram (literally translated as “Western Education is a Sin”) is a
genocidal criminal movement, who has vowed to destroy every Christian
school in Nigeria, and to carry out terrorist attacks on Nigerian
government police and government officials.
In Borno state, northeastern Nigeria, Boko Haram has murdered over
1,500 people in the past year, and over 3,000 in the past five years.
It kidnapped over 200 girls from a Christian school in April 2014 and
despite the Nigerian government’s efforts, none have been found.
The leader of Boko Haram has taken “credit” for the kidnappings and
says more Christian girls will be kidnapped and sold into sex slavery in
neighboring Cameroun. In May 2014 it began a new wave of kidnappings
and bombings. The leader claims that he is Muslim, but he has been
denounced by every Muslim leader in Nigeria.
This is the reality of Genocide today; so what may be our response?
We come back to remembering; for in remembering, we see the age old
patterns of human nature – and our ability to dehumanise. The great
power we have to create, and the shocking power to destroy. We see
parallels in the past time – and our own time. Heroes who find the grace
and bravery to oppose scapegoating. Men and women of planned evil. Most
of us, caught between the high calling of opposition, and the cost.
But it is not just history. It is defiance. Our act of remembering
today is not some passive pastime, but an activity of defiance. A
stance: a statement.
This time last week, I stood in Jerusalem – overlooking some of the
most holy sites of Christian, Jewish and Muslim faiths. Its history is
one of capture and recapture. Of conflict and division. But in the
surrounding litter of buildings, of subverted ownership, there lies hope
– even today.
These places stand on a testament to a history – a hope even – that
despite our humanity’s nature; the divine is sought. We stand humbly
today and ask for long memories, keeping short accounts, and asking for
hope – and peace at last.